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Tissue engineering for tendon repair

¹ Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Hartshill, UK
² Keele University School of Medicine, Hartshill, UK

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
N Maffulli
Keele University School of Medicine, Hartshill, UK;osa14{at}keele.ac.uk

ABSTRACT
Tissue engineering aims to induce tissue self-regeneration in vivo or to produce a functional tissue replacement in vitro to be then implanted in the body. To produce a viable and functional tendon, a uniaxially orientated collagen type I matrix has to be generated. Biochemical and physical factors can potentially alter both the production and the organisation of this matrix, and their combination in a dose- and time-dependent manner is probably the key to in vitro engineered tendons. This review discusses the role of these different factors affecting tenocyte growth in a three-dimensional environment in vivo and in vitro, and underlines the future challenge of tendon tissue engineering.

Abbreviations: bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; ECM, extracellular matrix; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor

COMMENTARY

³ International Neuroscience Institute, Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Hannover, Germany; office{at}bosch-ini-hannover.de

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