Article Text
Abstract
Background: In the rat brain, heat-stroke-induced damage to cerebral neurons is attenuated through heat-shock-induced overexpression of heat-shock protein 72 (HSP72).
Objective: To ascertain whether progressive exercise preconditioning induces HSP72 expression in the rat brain and prevents heat-stroke-induced cerebral ischaemia and injury.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to either a sedentary group or an exercise group. Those in the exercise group progressively ran on a treadmill 5 days/week, for 30–60 min/day at an intensity of 20–30 m/min for 3 weeks. The effects of heat stroke on mean arterial pressure, cerebral blood flow, brain ischaemia markers (glutamate, lactate/pyruvate ratio and nitric oxide), a cerebral injury marker (glycerol) and brain neuronal damage score in the preconditioned animals were compared with effects in unexercised controls. Heat stroke was induced by exposing urethane-anaesthetised animals to a temperature of 43°C for 55 min, which caused the body temperature to reach 42°C.
Results: Three weeks of progressive exercise pretreatment induced HSP72 preconditioning in the brain and conferred significant protection against heat-stroke-induced hyperthermia, arterial hypotension, cerebral ischaemia and neuronal damage; it also prolonged survival.
Conclusions: Exercise for 3 weeks can improve heat tolerance as well as attenuate heat-stroke-induced cerebral ischaemia in rats. The maintenance of mean arterial pressure and cerebral blood flow at appropriate levels in the rat brain may be related to overexpression of HSP72.
- hyperthermia
- heat stress
- brain damage
- exercise training
- heat shock protein 72
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Footnotes
Competing interests: None.
C-H Hung and M-T Lin shared equal contribution with the corresponding author.
- Abbreviations:
- 3wk1D
- 1 day after 3-week exercise training
- CBF
- cerebral blood flow
- HE
- heat exposure
- HR
- heart rate
- HS
- heat stroke
- HSP72
- heat-shock protein 72
- MAP
- mean arterial pressure
- NO
- nitric oxide
- NOS
- nitric oxide synthase
- NT
- normothermic control
- NTS
- nucleus tractus solitarii
- SED
- sedentary
- TB
- blanket temperature
- TCO
- colonic temperature