Table 1

Study design and participant characteristics

Primary source	Study				Participant
Primary source	Location	Design	PA measure	PA outcome*	N†	Mean age† (years)	Health status
Aguiar et al, 201643	Australia	RCT	Obj	Secondary	101	52	Overweight
Andersen et al, 201243 45	Norway	RCT	Obj	Primary	150	37	Inactive
Ashton et al, 201746	Australia	RCT	Obj	Primary	50	22	Inactive
Galvão et al, 201747	Australia	RCT	Sub	Primary	463	64	Cancer
Gong et al, 201548	China	Cluster	Sub	Secondary	450	64	Hypertension
Gray et al, 201349	Scotland	RCT	Sub	Secondary	103	47	Overweight
Groeneveld et al, 201150	Netherlands	RCT	Sub	Not clear	816	47	General
Hunt et al, 201451	Scotland	RCT	Sub	Secondary	747	47	Overweight
Livingston et al, 201552 53	Australia	Cluster	Sub	Primary	147	66	Cancer
Maruyama et al, 201054	Japan	RCT	Obj	Primary	110	40	MetS
McGowan et al, 201355	Canada	RCT	Sub	Primary	423	68	Cancer
Morgan et al, 201356	Australia	RCT	Obj	Secondary	159	48	Overweight
Morgan et al, 201457	Australia	RCT	Obj	Secondary	93	40	Overweight
Morgan et al, 2011a58	Australia	RCT	Obj	Secondary	53	41	Overweight
Morgan et al, 2011b59	Australia	RCT	Sub	Secondary	110	44	Overweight
Morgan et al, 200960	Australia	RCT	Obj	Secondary	65	36	Overweight
Patrick et al, 201161	USA	RCT	Sub	Secondary	441	44	Overweight
Petrella et al, 201762	Canada	RCT	Obj	Secondary	80	49	Overweight
Pritchard et al, 199763	Australia	RCT	Sub	Secondary	66	43	Overweight
Schröder et al, 201864	Spain	RCT	Sub	Secondary	6059	65	Overweight, MetS
Shin et al, 201765	Korea	RCT	Sub	Secondary	105	28	Overweight
Viester et al, 201866	Netherlands	RCT	Sub	Secondary	314	47	General
Werkman et al, 201067	Netherlands	Cluster	Sub	Secondary	413	60	General
Wyke et al, 201968	Europe‡	RCT	Obj	Primary	1113	46	Overweight

*Primary outcome indicates whether authors identified change in physical activity as a primary or secondary outcome of the study.
†Value for total sample; includes women in mixed-sex studies (ie, Gong et al 48, 2015 (42% men), Werkman et al 67, 2010 (85% men)).
‡England, Norway, Netherlands and Portugal.
Cluster, cluster randomised trial; MetS, metabolic syndrome; Obj, objective; PA, physical activity; RCT, randomised controlled trial; Sub, subjective.